You plan to establish a mass propagation.
Which group of growth regulators (plant hormones) do the applied plant hormones in this report belong to?
IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) are naturally
occurring plant hormones of the auxin- family. IAA is the most common and best
known plant hormone among the auxins. Auxins play an important role in the coordination
of many growth and behavioural processes in the plant. They contribute to organ
shaping and are therefore fundamental for a proper development of the plant
itself.
BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) is a synthetically
produced cytokinin of the adenine-type. It stimulates cell division
and influences the formation of blossom and fruit.
TDZ (thidiazuron) is a cytokinin of the phenylurea-type.
The plant
growth regulator t-Zea (trans-Zeatin)
also belongs to the family of cytokinins and occurs naturally. It promotes growth of lateral buds and stimulates cell division to
produce bushier plants.
Why is there still a caveat about genetic authenticity of the clonal
offspring?
Plants
that have been produced by plant tissue cultures are normally identical clones
of the mother plant. However, there is a phenomenon called somaclonal
variation.
Somaclonal variation means all variation originating in cell and tissue
cultures, where mistakes in the reading of genetic information happen
frequently.
The main
reasons for variations are chromosomal rearrangements, but the variations can
be genotypic or phenotypic. In the latter case changes can be either genetic or epigenetic in origin. Typical genetic
alterations are changes in chromosome numbers, chromosome structure and DNA
sequence. Typical epigenetic related events are gene amplification and gene methylation.
Somaclonal variation is an important source of genetic variability. Yet
for operations which require clonal uniformity it can be a great disadvantage,
like in this case the rapid propagation of elite genotypes from Diospyros
kaki. There is a method called cytogenetic analysis. With this method chromosomal alteration and ploidy changes can be highlighted.
The different molecular analytic techniques work with molecular markers to identify DNA sequences.
original article:
Sutter F. (2010), Diospyros kaki L. Plant regeneration via in vitro leaf derived callus
Sutter F. (2010), Diospyros kaki L. Plant regeneration via in vitro leaf derived callus
hello Juliana
AntwortenLöschenyou happened to link successfully the main topics of this module: molecular biology and plant biotechnology. Congratulation.
Hansruedi
Hello Juliana,
AntwortenLöschenI have found pretty much the same information to the first two parts of your blog apart from TDZ. As you can see on my blog I found in The African Journal of Biology, that TDZ is chemically neither an auxin nor a cytokinin. But it is just one reference where I found this information, so it could still be that you are right.
http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb/PDF/pdf2011/17Aug/Guo%20et%20al.pdf
Furthermore, there are also techniques like PCR and ISSR used to detect somaclonal variation. An article of Ehsanpour et al. (Detection of somaclonal variation in potato callus induced by UV-C radiation using RAPD-PCR, 2006) describes the use of these techniques in in vitro cultures.
http://www.bio21.bas.bg/ipp/gapbfiles/v-33/07_1-2_03-11.pdf
Hi Barbara,
LöschenSorry, I didn't read your comment until now... so what I wrote on your post was also about TDZ... as you can read on my comment on Marcs blog, Wikipedia still classifies it as a cytocinine... but thanks for your addendum, this article is interesting!
Hi Juliana
AntwortenLöschenYou explained the topic very well. ISSR, PCR, RAPD, AFLP and so on are in your explanation in the end included, just more understandable :)
Cheers for your nice Job
Marc