You plan to establish a mass propagation.
Which group of growth regulators (plant hormones) do the applied plant hormones in this report belong to?
IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) are naturally
occurring plant hormones of the auxin- family. IAA is the most common and best
known plant hormone among the auxins. Auxins play an important role in the coordination
of many growth and behavioural processes in the plant. They contribute to organ
shaping and are therefore fundamental for a proper development of the plant
itself.
BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) is a synthetically
produced cytokinin of the adenine-type. It stimulates cell division
and influences the formation of blossom and fruit.
TDZ (thidiazuron) is a cytokinin of the phenylurea-type.
The plant
growth regulator t-Zea (trans-Zeatin)
also belongs to the family of cytokinins and occurs naturally. It promotes growth of lateral buds and stimulates cell division to
produce bushier plants.
Why is there still a caveat about genetic authenticity of the clonal
offspring?
Plants
that have been produced by plant tissue cultures are normally identical clones
of the mother plant. However, there is a phenomenon called somaclonal
variation.
Somaclonal variation means all variation originating in cell and tissue
cultures, where mistakes in the reading of genetic information happen
frequently.
The main
reasons for variations are chromosomal rearrangements, but the variations can
be genotypic or phenotypic. In the latter case changes can be either genetic or epigenetic in origin. Typical genetic
alterations are changes in chromosome numbers, chromosome structure and DNA
sequence. Typical epigenetic related events are gene amplification and gene methylation.
Somaclonal variation is an important source of genetic variability. Yet
for operations which require clonal uniformity it can be a great disadvantage,
like in this case the rapid propagation of elite genotypes from Diospyros
kaki. There is a method called cytogenetic analysis. With this method chromosomal alteration and ploidy changes can be highlighted.
The different molecular analytic techniques work with molecular markers to identify DNA sequences.
original article:
Sutter F. (2010), Diospyros kaki L. Plant regeneration via in vitro leaf derived callus
Sutter F. (2010), Diospyros kaki L. Plant regeneration via in vitro leaf derived callus
